My Last 2nd Class
Last class for today is about Knowledge Management System (KMS), Information System (IS) acquisition, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Supply Chain Management (SCM).
Knowledge Management System (KMS)
Knowledge Management System (KMS) is conversion of information to knowledge or capture the knowledge as we can transform the knowledge from intangible to become tangible.
Information System (IS) acquisition
The acquisition of information systems can either involve external sourcing or rely on internal development or modification. IS acquisition can be divided into 4 types:
1) In house (use source of company to develop system)
2) outsource (outsource third party to develop system)
3) on-shelf (buy on shelf)
4) SDLC (System development lifecycle)
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Customer relationship management (CRM) is a term that refers to practices, strategies and technologies that companies use to manage and analyze customer interactions and data throughout the customer lifecycle, with the goal of improving business relationships with customers, assisting in customer retention and driving sales growth.It is the most effective to retain customer rather than seek new potential customer as low cost of advertising needed. For example, used of information system for forecasting; so, old customer will come visit again and created an E-wom (E-word of mouth) for other people. Therefore, this issues ale to increase the sales of the company via E-WOM.
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Supply chain management (SCM) is a process used by companies to ensure that their supply chain is efficient and cost-effective. A supply chain is the collection of steps that a company takes to transform raw components into the final product.
It is important in every food industry for traceability. There are 2 component: upstream and downstream must fulfill to supply chain management. Upstream supply chain usually deal with suppliers, purchases and production lines; while, downstream supply chain covers the whole selling segment including negotiation, after-sales and recycling. For example, group all supplier in one vertical integration. Besides that, SCM consists of 3 main flows: materials, information and financial flows. In SCM always consider for push model and pull model. In the pull system production orders begin upon inventory reaching a certain level, while on the push system production begins based on demand (forecasted or actual demand).
There are 5 basic components in SCM: plan, source, make, deliver and return, these components are in a cycle form.
1) Plan: A plan or strategy must be developed to address how a given good or service will meet the needs of the customers.
2) Source:It involves building a strong relationship with suppliers of the raw materials needed in making the product the company delivers. This phase involves not only identifying reliable suppliers but also planning methods for shipping, delivery, and payment. Companies must choose suppliers to deliver the goods and services they need to create their product.
3) Make: The product is manufactured, tested, packaged, and scheduled for delivery. This is the manufacturing step. Supply chain managers schedule the activities necessary for production, testing, packaging and preparation for delivery. This is the most metric-intensive portion of the supply chain - one where companies are able to measure quality levels, production output and worker productivity.
4) Deliver: Then, at the logistics phase, customer orders are received and delivery of the goods is planned.
5) Return: During this stage, customers may return defective products. The company will also address customer questions in this stage. Supply chain planners have to create a responsive and flexible network for receiving defective and excess products back from their customers and supporting customers who have problems with delivered products.
However, any solutions to supply chain problems???
Yes, there are 4 inventories methods used to the problems: vertical integration, JIT inventory, information sharing and vendor-managed inventory (VMI).
